A confidential hotline to capture close calls (near misses) and safety events was created as part of a safety culture improvement initiative in a large North American railway company. A traditional root cause analysis method was utilized to understand the close calls reported, but it found that this approach did not encompass all potentially relevant factors or perspectives. As a result of the need for further information from the close calls analysis, a new methodology was developed. The methodology for analyzing the safety events is called the “learning tree” – a structured process that facilitates collaboration between employees and management.